Currently is unclear whether the type of feeding affects the response to stress in children during first 2 years of life. The aim of this study was to establish correlations between cortisol (CORT) and alpha amylase (AA) of 30 mothers and their infants who used different types of feeding (Exclusive breastfeeding EBF, Breastfeeding+complementary food BF+CF, and Formula F) in saliva samples before and after feeding. Highest levels of CORT were measured in mothers and children of EBF. In both mothers and infants, we found a significant decrease in CORT levels after breastfeeding (20 minutes) (p = 0,010) in mothers; for AA, we found a tendency to reduce concentration in BF+CF and F (p = 0,056 and 0,074 respectively). In children we found a significant increase of AA in F group (p =0,037). Our findings indicate that breastfeeding reduce levels of stress in mothers that use it and could be a relaxing and protecting long time factor to depression and anxiety. For children the highest levels of CORT in EBF group, are related with modulation of response to stress and could be a protector factor of adverse conditions later in life.